NTM Technical Notation

NTM TN 6; 20200513 WTT data ED95

 ED95

NTM basic data on ED95 includes three different sources of origin:

• Sugar beets ethanol
• Wheat ethanol
• Maize ethanol

The composition of ED95 is 94 w-% denaturated hydrous ethanol and about 6 w-% water and additives used as ignition improver, lubricant and denaturants. The mix for different components of ethanol is based on statistics from the Swedish Energy Agency from 2018. The emission factors are based on Hallberg et.al (2013) and Sphera (2019). Emissions for distribution is based on data from Sphera (2019). Data on additives were retrieved from earlier models from Hallberg et al (2013). The allocation of emissions during ethanol production is based on energy content in order to align with the EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED).

The calculations include the upstream production of the additives and ethanol, but not the ED95 production itself due to data availability. The impact from ED95 production is considered as minor in relation to the other steps of the life cycle.

The emissions for infrastructure at the production facility and in distribution of ED95 is assessed to be neglectable (<1% of total emissions).

Sugar Beets ethanol

Data on ethanol production from sugar beets were retrieved from Sphera (2019) and represents a European production mix based on the major EU corn producers such as France, Germany and Poland. For the co-products during ethanol production allocation of emissions by energy (net calorific value) is applied.

Wheat ethanol

The calculation represents the production of ethanol from wheat valid for southern Sweden including all stages from wheat cultivation and harvest to ethanol production. Production of wheat ethanol is calculated with Nordic conditions with the intention to represent a production facility in Sweden.

Maize ethanol

Data on ethanol production from maize were retrieved from Sphera (2019) and represents a European production mix based on the major EU corn producers such as France, Italy and Romania. For the co-products (during ethanol production allocation of emissions by energy (net calorific value) is applied.

References:

Energimyndigheten (2019) Drivmedel 2018 – Redovisning av rapporterade uppgifter enligt drivmedelslagen, hållbarhetslagen och reduktionsplikten. ER 2019:14. Available at http://www.energimyndigheten.se/fornybart/hallbarhetskriterier/

Hallberg, L., et. al., (2013) Well-to-wheel LCI data for fossil and renewable fuels on the Swedish

market. Report No 2013:29, f3 The Swedish Knowledge Centre for Renewable Transportation

Fuels, Sweden. Available at www.f3centre.se.

Sphera (2019) GaBi Database Service Pak 39

NTM data, assessed by IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute